The volume brings together a series of studies that examine the political, military, and geopolitical dynamics of the ancient Mediterranean and Anatolian worlds from the Archaic period to the rise of Roman hegemony, emphasizing how shifting power structures, interstate rivalries, and strategic landscapes shaped regional history. The opening study reconstructs the settlement patterns, political formations, and continuous conflicts that defined the Thracian Chersonese (Gelibolu Yarımadası) from the eighth century BCE until its incorporation into the Roman sphere, highlighting the interplay among Thracian tribes, Athenian colonial ambitions, the Philaid dynasty, Persian imperial expansion, and Macedonian intervention (pp. 5–16). Subsequent chapters analyze Rome’s ascent in Anatolia between 201–189 BCE, focusing on diplomatic alliances, the “divide and rule” strategy, and the gradual transformation of Greek city-states and Hellenistic kingdoms under Roman influence, including detailed discussions of the Macedonian Wars, Antiochus III’s campaigns, and the reorganization of Asia Minor following the Battle of Magnesia (pp. 15–33). The final contribution examines the Babylon Conference of 323 BCE, situating it within the complex succession crisis that followed Alexander the Great’s death and demonstrating how competing generals negotiated territorial authority and administrative continuity across the empire’s vast expanse (pp. 36–52). Taken together, these studies contribute to ancient historiography by integrating literary, epigraphic, and archaeological evidence to illuminate long-term patterns of military strategy, imperial policy, and regional integration, while also presenting the Chersonese and western Anatolia as key zones where Mediterranean geopolitical transformations unfolded.