This work explores the artistic, political, and symbolic heritage of ancient Anatolian and Mesopotamian civilizations. The primary aim is to demonstrate that relics from antiquity to the present are not mere objects but repositories reflecting the beliefs and lifestyles of their eras. The book provides a detailed examination of the reflections of warfare and enemy depictions in the arts of Mesopotamia and Anatolia from the 4th millennium BCE onward. Royal and warrior figures are portrayed larger and with beards and elaborate dress to indicate nobility, while enemies are depicted naked, beardless, and bound to strip their identity, serving propaganda purposes. It also analyzes the geopolitical dynamics between Urartu and Old Assyria, focusing on frontier regions, economic rivalry, and ideological legitimacy, and discusses the interaction and border systems of these two states. In the context of Greek art's influence from the East, the origins and dissemination of bronze cauldrons adorned with siren and bull attachments are debated, tracing them mostly to Urartu and Northern Syria origins. Lastly, the prevalent moon and star motifs in traditional Diyarbakır houses are examined iconographically, emphasizing their roles in protection and cultural symbolism along with political allegiance to the state. The study also details local materials and techniques used for ornamentation. Supported by extensive references and archaeological data, this interdisciplinary work contributes significant insights into the cultural interplay and artistic expressions across these ancient civilizations.